When one thinks of Queensland businessman and politician Clive Palmer, words like flamboyant, colourful and controversial immediately spring to mind. In a judgment handed down last Friday in the Federal Court words to describe Palmer went to a whole new level – the likes of which not often read in court judgements.
The Judgement centred around the question of copyright infringement by Palmer of the musical work by heavy metal rock group Twisted Sister.[1] The holder of the copyright – Songs of Universal – and the exclusive licensee Universal Music – were awarded a whopping $1.5 M . The biggest copyright damages award in recent memory. The infringement occurred during the Federal Election campaign of 2019 when Palmer’s party sought votes through unconventional means.
Some of my more mature readers may remember the 1984 Twisted Sister song “We’re Not Gonna Take It”. It gets 120 Million views on You tube – and I am pretty sure not all of them are of Donald Trump watching it. Trump used the song as part of this election theme in his presidential election campaign of 2016.
Those who don’t recall it will most certainly recall an annoying advertisement by the United Australia Party in the run up to the 2019 Federal election in which a song that included the words “Aussies not gonna cop it”. [1]
Well that musical works was found to have more than an uncanny resemblance to the original works of Twisted Sister. Justice Katzman stating: “I have no doubt that both the lyrics and the music were taken from the chorus of We’re Not Gonna Take It”.[2]
The judgement is remarkable not so much for the finding that Palmer’s song infringed the copyright held by Universal in the Twisted Sister song – you don’t need to be a Federal Court Judge to work that one out – but for:
- the explanation provided by Palmer in why it was not an infringement; and
- the Court’s reasoning behind awarding additional damages
Palmer’s explanation:
- His song “Aussies not gonna cop it” – came to him in a moment of “deep contemplation” while sitting at home preparing for the upcoming Federal election;
- The source of, or inspiration for, his song was from a 1970’s film, Network in which lead actor Peter Finch says “I’m mad as hell and I’m not going to take this anymore”;
- In any event, the Twisted Sister song is not an original body of work capable of being infringed because its melody was the same as the opening bars of the Christmas Carol O Come All Ye Faithful.!
Justice Katzman was scathing of Palmer’s approach describing him at various times during her lengthy judgement as an “unimpressive witness”, “an unreliable witness”, further finding that aspects of his evidence were “disingenuous”, his account of various events were “preposterous” and a “recent invention” and finally that it was “dangerous to rely on his word”.[3]
Justice Katzman also held Palmer’s defence that the UAP advertisement constituted fair dealings for satire or parody purposes within the meaning of the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth) (Act) to be unsustainable. To attract the protection of s 41A of the Act, it is the dealing in the copyright works themselves that must be for the purpose of parody or satire, she noted. “ On an objective assessment, the sole purpose to which the copyright works were put was to underscore the UAP’s key campaign message and to rally the faithful and the disaffected to the UAP’s cause.”[4]
After having awarded Universal damages of $500,000 pursuant to Section 115(2) Act for the notional licence fee, Justice Katzman then considered the issue of additional damages available to a Plaintiff in certain circumstances under Section 115(4) of the same Act.
In awarding a further $1 M in damages the Court found that Palmer:
- acted in flagrant disregard of Universal’s rights;[5]
- his behaviour after receiving Universal’s cease and desist letter was contumelious (I had to look that word up – it means scornful and insulting; insolent);[6]
- gave false evidence, “including concocting a story to exculpate himself, indicating that the need for both punishment and deterrence is high”[7] – wow!
- received a benefit from the use of the infringement i.e. the advertisements;
- both before and during the proceeding, Palmer “taunted, mocked and derided Mr Snider [ front man and writer for Twisted Sister] in both mainstream and social media, perhaps for his own amusement but doubtless to attract publicity for himself and/or the UAP”; and
- appeared on Sky News “falsely accusing Mr Snider of having admitted in evidence to copying from O Come All Ye Faithful. This accusation had the potential to cause considerable harm to Mr Snider’s reputation.”
As Palmer dips into this pocket to pay the $1.5 M in damages plus interest and legal costs ordered by the Court, he must wonder if it would have been better to accept the initial proposed licence fee of $150,000 requested by Universal. Although, with a self-declared net worth of $1B, perhaps not.
[1] UAP spent $12 million on pre-paid advertising for the broadcast of the UAP videos as at 11 January 2019 and the UAP videos were broadcast 18,649 times.
[2] Universal Music Publishing Pty Ltd v Palmer (No 2) [2021] FCA 434 Para 197
[3] Ibid at Para’s 216,219, 220 and 327;
[4] Ibid at Para 535
[5]Ibid at Paragraph 496
[6] Ibid para 497
[7] Ibid para 498
[1] Universal Music Publishing Pty Ltd v Palmer (No 2) [2021] FCA 43